Cite books, ebooks and manuals in IEEE
Learn how to cite books, ebooks and manuals in IEEE style. Use correct templates for authors, editions, and formats to reference sources accurately.
In-text citations
| Citation format | Example |
| Paraphrasing |
As detailed by Blockley [1], … This theory was first posited in 2004 [1]. |
| Direct quote | “A paradigm change is needed in the way we engineer and operate the types of systems and hazards we are dealing with today.” [9, p. 6]. |
Reference list
- First edition books do not require an edition number. For second and later editions, place the edition number or name after the book title.
- For ebooks, add [online] after the year and the URL or DOI.
| Reference format | Example |
| Template |
[#] J. K. Author, Title of Book, xth ed. City, State (U.S. only), Country: Abbrev. Of Publisher, Year. |
| Full reference |
[1] D. I. Blockley, Engineering: A Very Short Introduction. New York, NY, USA: Oxford Univ. Press, 2012. [2] G. G. You, Mining project value optimization. Singapore: Springer Nature, 2024. [Online]. Available: doi:10.1007/978-981-97-7883-6. |
In-text citations
| Citation format | Example |
| Paraphrasing |
… as stated by Penn and Parker [1] in their recent study … This theory was first posited in 2004 [1]. |
| Direct quote | “A paradigm change is needed in the way we engineer and operate the types of systems and hazards we are dealing with today.” [9, p. 6]. |
Reference list
- First edition books do not require an edition number. For second and later editions, place the edition number or name after the book title.
- For ebooks, add [online] after the year and the URL or DOI.
| Reference format | Example |
| Template |
[#] A. B. Author and J. K. Author, Title of Book, xth ed. City, State (U.S. only), Country: Abbrev. Publisher, Year. |
| Full reference |
[1] M. R. Penn and P. J. Parker, Introduction to Infrastructure: An Introduction to Civil and Environmental Engineering. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, 2012. [2] J. C. McCormac and S.F. Csernak, Structural steel design, 6th ed. Hoboken, NJ, USA: Pearson Education, 2018. |
In-text citations
List the first author and use 'et al.' in italics for sources with three or more authors.
| Citation format | Example |
| Paraphrasing |
Reeve et al. [1] claim … The study [1] arose from ... |
| Direct quote | “A paradigm change is needed in the way we engineer and operate the types of systems and hazards we are dealing with today.” [9, p. 6]. |
Reference list
- Include all author names in the reference list.
- First edition books do not require an edition number. For second and later editions, place the edition number or name after the book title.
- For ebooks, add [online] after the year and the URL or DOI.
| Reference format | Example |
| Template |
[#] A. B. Author, C. D. Author, and E. F. Author, Title of Book, xth ed. City, State (U.S. only), Country: Abbrev. Publisher, Year. |
| Full reference |
[1] D. Reeve, A. Chadwick, and C. Fleming, Coastal Engineering: Processes, Theory and Design Practice. London, UK: Spon Press, 2004. [2] T. Rodon, A. Keeling, S. Thériault, S. Bouard, and A. Taylor, Mining and Indigenous Livelihoods: Rights, Revenues, and Resistance. Oxford, UK: Taylor & Francis, 2025. [Online]. Available: doi: 10.4324/978/1003406433. |
In-text citations
List the first author and use 'et al.' in italics for sources with three or more authors.
| Citation format | Example |
| Paraphrasing |
According to Dowling et al. [1], … This theory has since been refuted [1] ... |
| Direct quote | “A paradigm change is needed in the way we engineer and operate the types of systems and hazards we are dealing with today.” [9, p. 6]. |
Reference list
- Use the first author’s name followed by 'et al.' in italics.
- First edition books do not require an edition number. For second and later editions, place the edition number or name after the book title.
- For ebooks, add [online] after the year and the URL or DOI.
| Reference format | Example |
| Template |
[#] J. K. Author et al., Title of Book, xth ed. City, State, Country: Abbrev. Publisher, Year. |
| Full reference |
[1] D. Dowling et al., Engineering your Future: An Australasian guide. Milton, QLD, Australia: John Wiley, 2020. [2] C. Kutay et al., Engineering with country : First Nations engineering with practice. Darwin, Aust.: Charles Darwin University, 2025. [online] https://oercollective.caul.edu.au/engineering-with-country/ |
In-text citations
| Citation format | Example |
| Paraphrasing |
According to Hurley [1], ... For example, see [1]. |
| Direct quote | “A paradigm change is needed in the way we engineer and operate the types of systems and hazards we are dealing with today.” [9, p. 6]. |
Reference list
- For sources that have up to 6 authors: include all editor names in the reference list.
- For sources with 7 or more editors: use the first editor’s name followed by 'et al.' in italics.
- First edition books do not require an edition number. For second and later editions, place the edition number or name after the book title.
- For ebooks, add [online] after the year and the URL or DOI.
| Reference format | Example |
| Template |
[#] J. K. Author, Ed(s)., Title of Edited Book, xth ed. City, State, Country: Abbrev. Publisher, Year. |
| Full reference |
[1] W. D. Hurley, Ed., Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering: Trends for the Next Decade. River Edge, NJ, USA: World Scientific, 1995. [2] C. Mitcham, B. LI, B. Newberry, and B. Zhang (Eds)., Philosophy of Engineering, East and West. Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, 2018. |
In-text citations
| Citation format | Example |
| Paraphrasing |
Myer [1] argues that... This has been well-documented [5, 8]. |
| Direct quote | “A paradigm change is needed in the way we engineer and operate the types of systems and hazards we are dealing with today.” [9, p. 6]. |
Reference list
- For sources that have up to 6 authors: include all author names in the reference list.
- For sources with 7 or more authors: use the first author’s name followed by 'et al.' in italics.
- First edition books do not require an edition number. For second and later editions, place the edition number or name after the book title.
| Reference format | Example |
| Template |
[#] J. K. Author, “Title of chapter,” in Title of Edited Book, A. B. Editor, Ed., xth ed. City, State (U.S. only), Country: Abbrev. Publisher, Year, ch. x, sec. x, pp. xxx-xxx.. |
| Full reference |
[1] R. L. Myer, “Parametric oscillators and nonlinear materials,” in Nonlinear Optics, vol. 4, P. G. Harper and B. S Wherret, Eds. San Francisco, CA, USA: Academic, 1977, pp. 47-160. [2] D. Havyatt, “History of electricity reform in Australia” in On the Grid : Australian Electricity in Transition, G. Roger, Ed. Clayton, Aust.: Monash University Publishing, 2022. |
In-text citations
| Citation format | Example |
| Paraphrasing |
… according to Ichiro [1], ... The expansion of the railway network had a direct impact on the country’s economic development [10]. |
| Direct quote | “A paradigm change is needed in the way we engineer and operate the types of systems and hazards we are dealing with today.” [9, p. 6]. |
Reference list
- For sources that have up to 6 authors: include all author names in the reference list.
- For sources with 7 or more authors: use the first author’s name followed by 'et al.' in italics.
- First edition books do not require an edition number. For second and later editions, place the edition number or name after the book title.
- For ebooks, add [online] after the year and the URL or DOI.
| Reference format | Example |
| Template | [#] A. B. Author, Title of Book, xth ed. City, State (U.S. only), Country: Abbrev. Publisher (in Language), Year. |
| Full reference |
[1] K. Ichiro, Thai Economy and Railway 1885-1935, Tokyo, Japan: Nihon Keizai Hyoronsha (in Japanese), 2000. [2] D. Lukowsky, Failure analysis of wood and wood-based products. New York, NY, USA: McGraw-Hill Education (in German), 2015. |
In-text citations
| Citation format | Example |
| Paraphrasing | Council processes for designing infrastructure … [1]. |
| Direct quote | The Local Government Infrastructure Design Association (Vic., Australia) provide relevant advice for “the design phase to ensure there are clear infrastructure design guidelines across municipalities; and that minimum standards and maintenance schedules are achieved" [1, p. 16]. |
Reference list
| Reference format | Example |
| Template |
[#] J. K. Author (or Abbrev. Name of Co., City of Co. Abbrev. State, Country). Name of Manual/Handbook, x ed. (year). Accessed: Date. [Online]. Available: http://www.url.com |
| Full reference |
[1] Local Government Infrastructure Design Association (Vic., Australia). Infrastructure Design Manual (IDM), v. 5.23 (Mar. 24, 2020). Accessed: Jun. 10, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://www.designmanual.com.au [2] T.F. Fwa, ed. (Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, FL, USA). The Handbook of Highway Engineering. (2006). Accessed: Dec. 02, 2019. [Online]. Available: http://civilcafe.weebly.com/uploads/2/8/9/8/28985467/the_handbook_of_highway_engineering.pdf |